Title: Priolo (Pyrrhula Murina), Azores bullfinch

Type: Souvenir Sheet with 1 stamp

Stamp / FDC / Souvenir Sheet Condition: Cancelled

Issued By: Portugal

Year of Issue: 2008

Azores bullfinch

About Azores bullfinch postage stamps

There were postage stamps featuring the Azores bullfinch (Priolo). These stamps were issued by the postal authorities of Portugal and the Azores to celebrate and raise awareness about this endangered bird species and its conservation efforts. Here are some notable examples:

Azores Bullfinch Stamp (2010):

One of the earliest stamps featuring the Azores bullfinch was issued in 2010 by the Portuguese postal service, Correios de Portugal (CTT). The stamp design depicted the Colorful male Azores bullfinch perched on a branch, showcasing its distinctive blackish-brown and reddish-orange plumage. The stamp was part of a series dedicated to promoting the unique wildlife and biodiversity of the Azores archipelago.

International Year of Biodiversity (2010):

In the same year, the Azores also issued a set of stamps in collaboration with CTT to commemorate the International Year of Biodiversity. The stamps featured various species endemic to the Azores, including the Azores bullfinch, to highlight the rich biodiversity of the islands and the importance of conserving unique and threatened species.

Priority Species – Azores Bullfinch (2012):

To raise awareness about endangered species in the Azores and support conservation efforts, a set of stamps was issued featuring priority species in 2012. The Azores bullfinch was one of the prominent species showcased on these stamps. The design aimed to draw attention to the conservation challenges faced by the bullfinch and the need to protect its natural habitat.

Azores bullfinch:

The Azores bullfinch, also known as the Priolo (Pyrrhula Murina), is a small passerine bird endemic to the Azores archipelago, a group of islands located in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is considered one of the rarest birds in Europe, and its conservation status is classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Here are some key characteristics and information,

Appearance:

The Azores bullfinch is a small bird, measuring about 15 centimeters (6 inches) in length. The male has a distinctive appearance, with a gray head, dark bill, and a bright red-orange breast and belly. The wings and tail are black, and the back and sides are grayish-brown. The female has similar coloration but is generally duller and lacks the vibrant red-orange coloration.

Habitat:

The bullfinch is found exclusively in the native laurisilva forest of the eastern part of the island of São Miguel in the Azores. This type of forest is characterized by evergreen trees, mosses, and ferns. The bird prefers the dense undergrowth and humid areas of the forest.

Diet:

The Azores bullfinch primarily feeds on plant material, including seeds, buds, flowers, and fruits. It has a particular preference for the needles of the endemic Azorean cedar (Juniperus brevifolia). Insects and other small invertebrates may also be part of its diet, especially during the breeding season.

Breeding and behavior:

The breeding season of the Azores bullfinch generally takes place from March to August. Males establish territories and perform courtship displays to attract females. The female constructs a cup-shaped nest using twigs, grass, and other plant materials. A typical clutch consists of 2 to 3 eggs, which are incubated by the female for around 14 days. Both parents participate in feeding the nestlings.

Conservation status and threats:

The Azores bullfinch is critically endangered, and its population is highly restricted to a small range within the island of São Miguel. The main threats to its survival include habitat loss and fragmentation due to agriculture, invasive plant species, and human development. The introduction of non-native predators, such as rats and cats, also poses a significant risk to the bird.

Conservation efforts:

Several conservation initiatives have been implemented to protect the Azores bullfinch and its habitat. These include habitat restoration projects, predator control programs, and captive breeding and reintroduction efforts. The establishment of protected areas, such as the Pico da Vara Natural Reserve, has helped in safeguarding the remaining population.

Island Distribution:

The Azores bullfinch is found exclusively on the island of São Miguel, which is the largest and most populous island in the Azores archipelago. Within São Miguel, the bullfinch inhabits the remnant native laurisilva forests, which are mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the island.

Endemism:

The Azores bullfinch is a remarkable example of island endemism, meaning it is native and restricted to a specific geographical area, in this case, the Azores archipelago. This species evolved in isolation from other bullfinch populations, resulting in its unique characteristics and adaptations.

Conservation Challenges:

The Azores bullfinch faces several threats that have contributed to its endangered status:

Habitat Loss:

The primary threat to this species is habitat loss and degradation. The clearing of native forests for agriculture, urbanization, and other human activities has severely reduced the bullfinch’s available habitat.

Invasive Species:

Introduced species, such as rats and feral cats, prey on the bullfinch and its eggs, posing a significant threat to the population.

Climate Change:

Climate change impacts, such as altered rainfall patterns and temperature fluctuations, can affect the availability of food resources and nesting sites for the bullfinch.

Limited Range:

The Azores bullfinch’s restricted distribution makes it more susceptible to local catastrophes or changes in its habitat.

Overall, the Azores bullfinch is an iconic and endangered bird species endemic to the Azores archipelago. It serves as a flagship species for conservation efforts in the region, highlighting the importance of preserving and restoring its unique habitat for the benefit of other endemic species as well.